Roofing-tile.



PM McG. MCBEAN-' ROOFING TILE. APPLICATION map mum 191:.

Patented Dec. 31, 1918;

PETER McG. MCBEAN, 0]! SAN FRANCISCO, CALIFORNIA.

ROOFING-TILE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Dec. 31, 1918.

Application filed January 8, 1917. Serial No. 141,144.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, Prz'rnn MoG. MCBEAN, a citizen of the United States,residing at the city and county of San Francisco and State ofCalifornia, have invented new and. useful Improvements in Roofing-Tiles,of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to roofing tiles.

The object is to enable these tiles to be made economically in greatquantities and under such conditions that all sagging or warping ortendency to get out of shape while the material is in plastic condition,is overcome.

Tile roofs are made up of concavoconvex tile sections which are usuallylaid with their axes of curvature in line from the caves of the roof tothe ridge and alternately with the concave and the convex surfacesuppermost; thus, a line of tile will be laid upon a roof, with theconvex side downward, and the succeeding tiles in the line sufficientlyoverlapping the upper ends of the one below, to insure a continuous flowof water to the eaves, or discharge. The next parallel tiles on eachside will be laid with the convex sides uppermost and they are laid insuch relation to the first-named tiles that the edges of the eonvexlysurfaced tiles will rest in the concavities of those first laid, and ata sufilcient distance apart to provide clear channels for the escape ofwater which falls upon the roof or surface covered by the tiles, theconvex surfaces discharging each side from the top of the curve into theconcave channels.

The tiles may be made of any lengths or sizes convenient formanufacturing, transportation and storage. In order to economize spacein storage and transportation they should be made to nest.

Where these tiles are made singly it is difiicult to produce themeconomically, or perfect in design or form. A single tile made ofplastic material like clay, is very liable to sag or warp, or otherwisebecome misshapen during the processes of manufacturing or baking, sothat it will neither nest properly nor will it match up with its mates,or look, act or fit right when laid on a roof.

The present invention comprehcnds the making of tiles in multiple at asingle operation and in such manner and form that they will not onlynest when separated and stacked but the tiles of a unit will mutuallysupport one another during the periods of formation or baking; the unitafter baking being separated into its tile components along weakenedlines of juncture, the finished and separated tiles being allcounterparts one of the other, and adapted to nest for storage andtransportation, and proper laying on the roof.

In my Patent 21,184,254, issued May 23, 1916, I have shown an apparatuwhereby such a tile can be produced, and I have again illustrated. theapparatus here, although it is manifest that the shape and constructionof the apparatus may be varied to make two or three. -or more tiles atone operation. or change the size or form of the finished tiles withoutaltering the principle of the invention.

Having reference to the accompanying drawing:

Figure 1 is a sectional view of the fragments of the die and coresuitable for practising the invention.

Fig. 2 is an end view showing the die, core and intermediate form wherethe tile unit consists of three sections.

Fig. 3 is a perspective of a plastic material, or tile unit. after ithas emerged from the die and been cut oil to the desired length.

Fig. 4 is a detail showing the score knives on the die and core.

Fig. 5 is a detail showing the score marks made on the plastic materialas it emerges from the die.

Fig. 6 shows a tile unit of three sections.

Fig. 7 shows a tile unit of two sections.

Fig. 8 is a diagrammatic View of the die and a cutter.

Having reference to the accompanying drawing, A is the outer member,usually made of metal of great strength so as to resist pressure, and Bis the core. The space C between these parts represents the shape of thearticle to he produced.

D is an anger, screw, piston, plunger, or other appropriate means forfeeding, propelling or forcing the plastic material through the die ormold. E is a cutter of any suitable design or structure for severing thecylindrical body of plastic matter as it issues from the die or moldinto convenient tile lengths F.

The inner surface of the part A is made cylindrical. The core B, has itsperiphery formed of a plurality of segmental arcs of a curvatureeccentric to that of the cylinder A, so that the space to be filled, andthe resuiting product will be a number of crescent shapes. as shown inFigs. 2, 3, (i and 7. At the junction and thinnest part of each sectionscoring knives 2 are fixed in the die or ld, so that when the plasticmaterial is forced through the die or mold these score knives will formgrooves 3, along which the segments may be easily separated before orthe die or mold; each tile section being a segment of a cylinder.

By this method of manufacture wherein a unit is produced containing aplurality of tiles, it is not only possible and practical for themanufacturer to obtain economically a greater increased output over anymethod by which tiles are formed singly, but what is after baking. Byretaining the structure more important, in this unit, each section,

complete and undivided after its emergence which ultimately becomes afinished tile, from the die and while still in a green state, mutuallysupports th other section, nd th I am enabled to retain the shape andprevent tendency to sag and Warp previously menit from warping or beingmisshapen before tioned, is entirely obviated, s that a more or duringbaking; the grooves or score marks uniform and better product isproduced and 3 enabling the units to be easily separated cheaper than bymaking the tile singly.

before or after baking. Each unit as it is In process of manufacture theunit may cut oil is of uniform cross section at all h stood on d, whichis a further assurpoints in its length, with the inner and outer anceagainst the plastic tile becoming missurfaces of each tile section ofthe unit lying shapem in eccentric arcs of the same radii. IIhe By theterm cylinder as used here n plastic article as a unit 15 preferablymainwith r ct t a til unit, I r fer to any, mined as EL will; during the91ml 6 P F of tubular structure irrespective ofcrosssecmanufactureincluding baking; the tile sec- 5 h i hi h th are altitions going to make up the unit being subseplicity f mutuallysupporting tile members quently severed from their mates along the ortil ti b d ing th haracteristlcs weakened lines of juncture 3. bovspecified.

By reason of the cre t n the Having thus described my invention, whather surfaces, having the same radius as the I l i d d i b Secure b L ttB touter surface, but struck from different cenm i y tors and each{little being a cylindrical 1. The method of manufacturing roofing meritas distinguished from one of conoidal til f l ti t ri l, hi h go i tform, the tiles will fit closely upon the e in forcing the plasticmaterlal thro gll a Surface 0f the Preceding l when mold or die so as toproduce simultaneously stacked up. and any number of the tiles may i lid i l f a number f t l} thus be piled up and Will ne t p rf y supportingtiles which are joined along through their length wltlwllt danger oflaterally weakened lines of juncture, severfracture, and less space villbe occupied. i th ld d la ti t ial i t its of ()f course it it isdesired to make a tile tile lengths, the tile sections of a unit havunitsimply in two sections, as show In ing their inside and outside surfaceslying 40 7, the die members are shaped tl in arcs of the same radius,but the inside y- In Flgs- 3 l 7' the i110 SPQUUHS of and outsidesurfaces of each tile being dethe unit are approxinmtely 120 in length,scribed from different axes, and baking the measurin transversely of thetile, but obvitil Sectimm ously the length f)f the are in each case d6 QThe method 9f mfim facturing tiles pends on the desired amount of r glrom pla tic material, which consists in the ridge of the tile. p1oducllon of a cylindrical unit composed of n all instances. preferablythe 1m mutually supporting connectedfilesections convex surface of thefinished tile is a cylinseparable along a weakened line of juncture,drieal are, and the inner or concave surface the unit being in uniformcross section from is n similar arc, havingthe same radius, but end toend, and the inside and outside sure a different center. By placing thiscenter faces of each tile section lying in eccentric at a distance fromthe first center, equal to arcs of equal radii and baking the tilesecthe thickness required at the center of the tions. tile, andcompleting the line of curvature, 3. An article of manufacture,comprising the ends of the interior are will approach a. unit containinga plurality of tile sections those of the exterior one, thus making aunited together into a continuous body havtransverse section of a tilein the form of ing transverse convexity and separable into a crescent.The two curvatures being equal, a plurality of tiles, each tile being ase cut: it is manifest that the finished tiles will nest of a cylinder,the tile sections' being oined perfectly throughout their length whensuto one another along weakened lines and perimposed in piles. each tilesection mutually supporting the The tile units are cylindrical in form,and other during the process of manufacture uniform in cross sectionfrom end to end; and the inside and outside surfaces lying in the cutterE moving to cut the plastic cylineccentric arcs of equal radii.

05 der into suitable tile lengths as it issues from 4. Anarticle. ofmanufacture, comprising other during the process of manufacture,lengths, each length of severed tn a plurality of conjoined tilesections unitedforcing the plastic material through. a (lie alongweakened lines to permit their sepaor mold to produce a plastlc tube,cutting ration, each section mutually supporting the this 'plastic tubeinto uppl'ofiriate tile e embodyand'each sect1 0n being a segment of a chnin a pluralit of mutually supporting tile der with the inside andoutside sur ces sections, each section having inside and outlying ineccentric arcs of equal radii. side surfaces of the some radial length,but 5. As an article of manufacture, a strucdescribed from differentaxes, subsequently ture com osed of a plurality of crescent baking thesevered lengths and later sepashaped ti es, the outer and innerperipheries rating the tile sections.

of which are formed to fit and nest with each In testimony whereof Ihave hereunt Set other. my hand in the presence of two subscribing 6. Aroofing tile in the form of a cylinwitnesses. I drieal segment havingits exterior and inte- PETER MCG MCBEAN rior surfaces of curvaturesformed upon the same radius, but from separated centers. 7 Witnesses:

7. The method of manufacturing roofing JoHn H; Hnnnmo,

tiles from plastic material which consists in W W. Hnewt.

Disclaimer in Letters Patent 1289.492.

; 1,2s9,492.-P@m M06. McBcan, San Francisco, elm.

' rem end to end; and

separable along parallel weakened lines, the outer and inner peri tilesare formed DISCLAIMER. 7

- ROOFING-TILE. Patent dated December 31, 1918. Disclaimer filed March9, 1921, by the assigneu, Gladding, 110312011 62: Company. Hereby entersthis disclaimer- To those parts of claims 5 and 6 of said patent andspecifications in the following words, to wit.

Your petitioner does hereby disclaim from claim 6 of said Letters PatentNo. 1,289,492 any roofing tile or construction except where the saidroofing-tile is a separated part of an original cylindrical structure,and which tile. after severance fron'i said structure, possesses thefurther characteristics that its lateral edges are arnllel for theentire length of the tile and the tile is of uniform cross-sectiondisclaims from claim 5 of said patent any article except is composed ofa plurality of connected crescent-shaped tiles heries of which ofthe-same radial length but generated from ifierent axes, so

that the tiles, when aepareted, are adapted to fit and nest with eachother."

0 2M Gazette March 22, 1921.

\ vli'ere the st rneture

